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国家林业局办公室关于印发《2006年林业系统法制宣传教育工作要点》的通知

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国家林业局办公室关于印发《2006年林业系统法制宣传教育工作要点》的通知

国家林业局办公室


办策字[2006]28号

国家林业局办公室关于印发《2006年林业系统法制宣传教育工作要点》的通知

各省、自治区、直辖市林业厅(局),内蒙古、吉林、龙江、大兴安岭森工(林业)集团公司,新疆生产建设兵团林业局,国家林业局各直属单位:
现将《2006年林业系统法制宣传教育工作要点》印发给你们,请根据该要点,结合实际,制定本地区、本单位2006年的法制宣传教育工作要点(或计划),并认真组织实施。
各地、各单位2006年的法制宣传教育工作要点(或计划)请于5月30日前报送我局备案。

附件:2006年林业系统法制宣传教育工作要点

二OO六年四月十二日

附件

2006年林业系统法制宣传教育
工 作 要 点

2006年是实施“十一五”规划的第一年,也是“五五”普法的启动年。为全力推进依法治林,深入开展法制宣传教育工作,根据《全国普法办公室、司法部关于印发<二○○六年全国普法依法治理工作要点>的通知》(普法办[2006]1号)的精神,制定本要点。
2006年林业普法工作的指导思想是:以邓小平理论和“三个代表”重要思想为指导,全面落实科学发展观,深入贯彻党的十六大和十六届三中、四中、五中全会精神,继续认真学习宣传《中共中央 国务院关于加快林业发展的决定》和《国家林业局全面推进依法治林实施纲要》,按照2006年全国林业厅局长会议精神,紧紧围绕国家林业局工作重点,继续推进法制宣传教育工作,为构建社会主义和谐社会、建设社会主义新农村作出应有的贡献。
2006年林业普法工作的主要任务是:认真做好“四五”普法总结表彰和“五五”普法的动员部署工作,切实做到开好局,起好步;以“学法律、讲权利、讲义务、讲责任”为主题,深入推进林业法制宣传教育进乡村、进社区、进学校、进企业、进单位;以领导干部、公务员、青少年、企业经营管理人员和林农为重点,不断提高广大林业干部职工的法律意识和法律素质;全面推进依法治林,不断提高各级林业主管部门依法行政的水平。
一、认真做好“四五”普法总结表彰和“五五”普法动员部署工作
(一)“四五”普法工作总结表彰
国家林业局拟于2006年上半年召开国家林业局普法领导小组工作会议,总结“四五”普法成绩和经验,表彰全国林业战线“四五”普法中涌现出的先进集体和个人。各地、各单位应结合各自实际情况,做好本地区、本单位“四五”普法经验的总结和先进表彰工作。
(二)制定印发“五五”普法规划
根据全国“五五”普法规划,国家林业局结合林业实际情况制定印发全国林业系统法制宣传教育第五个五年规划,全面启动林业“五五”普法工作。
各级林业主管部门应按照“条块结合、以块为主”的原则,根据当地政府有关文件精神,结合自身实际和林业特点,参照全国林业系统“五五”普法规划制定本地区、本单位的“五五”普法实施规划或计划,进一步细化“五五”普法工作的各项职责和任务,保障林业“五五”普法规划全面贯彻执行。
(三)加强舆论宣传,营造良好氛围
各地、各单位要有计划地宣传“四五”普法取得的成就和经验,大力宣传深入开展“五五”普法的必要性、重要性和面临的良好机遇,大力宣传“五五”普法的指导思想、工作目标和主要任务。
二、开展以“一学三讲”为主题的法制宣传教育活动
根据全国普法办开展“一学三讲”主题活动的精神和方案,各地、各单位要将“学法律、讲权利、讲义务、讲责任”主题活动与林业法律知识进乡村、进社区、进学校、进企业、进单位紧密结合起来,使主题活动扎实推进。
三、切实抓好重点对象的法制宣传教育工作
继续做好林业系统领导干部、公务员、青少年、企业经营管理人员和林农等重点对象的法制宣传教育。要进一步落实领导干部、公务员、青少年、企业经营管理人员的学法用法制度,并结合“五五”普法的新要求,不断进行探索完善,根据对象的不同特点进行宣传教育。对领导干部要侧重提高依法决策意识,对公务员要提高依法行政、公正司法意识,对青少年要进行遵纪守法和法律素养的培育,对企业经营管理人员要提高依法经营管理的能力,对林农要提高遵纪守法的自觉性和依法维权的意识。
四、充分发挥大众传媒在法制宣传教育中的重要作用,创新法制宣传教育形式,增强法制教育的实际效果
(一)注意挖掘和发挥各种媒体的作用
各地、各单位要加强与报刊、广播、电视、网络等各种媒体的联系,充分利用电视传媒、互联网等形式,加大林业法律法规的普及力度,不断提高法制宣传教育的质量和水平。各级林业主管部门可以根据实际情况,组织、开展林业法律知识网上竞赛活动,以进一步扩大普法的覆盖面和影响力。
(二)继续开展形式多样的法制宣传
各地、各单位要积极支持、参与和策划法制题材的电视短片等法制专题节目的创作和传播;重视利用诗歌、散文、图片、摄影、书法、绘画、广告等形式,宣传法律知识。同时,要继续巩固和加强板报、墙报、宣传专栏、法制学校、青少年法制教育基地等传统的宣传阵地;通过进一步完善各级林业党校等干部法制教育培训基地的建设,充分发挥其强大的宣传教育作用。2006年开始,国家林业局普法办将组织编写全国林业系统“五五”普法统编教材,拍摄普法宣传教育系列短片,在《中国林业年鉴》和《中国绿色时报》上刊登林业法制宣传教育的文章。
(三)组织开展“12.4全国法制宣传日”活动
各地、各单位应认真组织谋划好“五五”普法的第一个“12.4全国法制宣传日”系列宣传活动。国家林业局普法办继续在“12.4全国法制宣传日”系列宣传活动期间组织全国林业系统的年度普法考试。
五、加强培训学习,促进普法工作深入开展
(一)培训普法骨干
国家林业局普法办将继续举办一期培训班。各地、各单位的普法机构也可以有针对性地开展本地、本单位普法骨干培训。
(二)继续坚持普法合格证制度
在“四五”普法有效开展的基础上,“五五”普法继续实行普法合格证制度。2006年,国家林业局普法办将制作印发“五五”普法合格证,各地、各单位要将每年法制培训的情况及考试成绩登记入册,作为被培训人员考核、任职、定级、晋升的重要依据。
六、加强领导,确保“五五”普法全面启动实施
(一)加强领导,高度重视
各级林业主管部门要进一步健全普法宣传教育领导机构,从实施依法治林、落实“十一五”规划的高度,把法制宣传教育纳入重要的议事日程,纳入领导干部的目标管理责任制。
(二)健全机构,加强队伍建设
各地、各单位要加强专职法制宣传教育工作人员的配备和培训工作,建立一支从事法制宣传教育的骨干队伍。注重兼职队伍建设,鼓励法律工作者和法律专业的教师、学生,以及离退休的各类执法、司法人员加入法制宣传志愿队伍。加强法制宣传教育讲师团的建设。
(三)明确分工,加强协调
各级林业主管部门的职能机构,要按照职责分工,切实承担起具体实施林业“五五”普法规划的职责,发挥组织、协调、指导和检查法制宣传教育的职能作用。同时,要逐步建立完善法制宣传教育工作的考核评估体系和机制以及监督激励等机制。
(四)增加普法投入,保障普法经费
各级林业主管部门要将普法经费列入经费预算中,根据法制宣传教育工作需要,逐步增加普法经费,以保障各项法制宣传活动顺利进行。

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REGULATIONS ON SPECIAL ECONOMIC ZONES IN GUANGDONG PROVINCE ——附加英文版

The Standing Committee of the National People's Congress


REGULATIONS ON SPECIAL ECONOMIC ZONES IN GUANGDONG PROVINCE

(Approved for implementation at the 15th Meeting of the Standing
Committee of the Fifth National People's Congress on August 26, 1980)

Contents
Chapter I General Provisions
Chapter II Registration and Operation
Chapter III Preferential Treatment
Chapter IV Labour Management
Chapter V Administrative Organization
Chapter VI Supplementary Provisions

Chapter I General Provisions
Article 1
In order to develop economic cooperation and technical exchanges with
foreign countries and to promote the socialist modernization programme,
certain areas shall be delineated respectively in the three cities of
Shenzhen, Zhuhai and Shantou in Guangdong Province for the establishment
of special economic zones (hereinafter referred to as "special zones").
The special zones shall encourage foreign citizens, overseas Chinese,
compatriots from Hongkong and Macao and their companies and enterprises
(hereinafter referred to as "investors") to open factories and set up
enterprises and other establishments with their own investment or in joint
ventures with our side, and shall protect their assets, the profits due
them and their other lawful rights and interests in accordance with the
law.
Article 2
Enterprises and individuals in the special zones must abide by the laws,
decrees and pertinent provisions of the People's Republic of China. Where
there are specific provisions in these Regulations, they shall be observed
accordingly.
Article 3
A Guangdong Provincial Committee for the Administration of Special
Economic Zones shall be set up to exercise unified administration of the
special zones on behalf of the Guangdong Provincial People's Government.
Article 4
The special zones shall provide investors with a wide scope of operation,
create favourable operating conditions and guarantee them stable business
sites. Investors may establish, with their own investment or in joint
ventures with our side, all projects that have positive significance for
international economic cooperation and technical exchanges, including
industry, agriculture, animal husbandry, aquaculture, tourism, housing and
construction, and research and manufacture involving high technology, as
well as other businesses of common interest to investors and to our side.
Article 5
Land-levelling projects and various public works in the special zones such
as water supply, drainage, power supply, roads, wharves, communications
and warehouses shall be undertaken by the Guangdong Provincial Committee
for the Administration of Special Economic Zones. When necessary, foreign
investment may be used in building these projects.
Article 6
Each of the special zones shall invite Chinese and foreign specialists and
relevant personages who are enthusiastic about China's modernization
programme to form an advisory committee that will serve as a consultative
body for that special zone.

Chapter II Registration and Operation
Article 7
Investors wishing to open factories or set up various economic
undertakings in the special zones with their own investment shall apply to
the Guangdong Provincial Committee for the Administration of Special
Economic Zones, which shall issue them registration certificates and land
use certificates after examination and approval.
Article 8
Investors may open accounts and conduct their foreign exchange
transactions with the Bank of China established in the special zones or
with other banks established there with the approval of the Chinese side.
Investors may take out various kinds of insurance policies at the People's
Insurance Company of China in the special zones or at other insurance
companies established there with the approval of the Chinese side.
Article 9
Products of the enterprises in the special zones shall be sold on the
international market. If their products are to be sold in the interior of
China, they must have the approval of the Guangdong Provincial Committee
for the Administration of Special Economic Zones and go through the
procedures for paying customs duties.
Article 10
Investors may operate their enterprises independently in the special zones
and employ foreign personnel for technical and managerial work.
Article 11
If an enterprise established by an investor in the special zones wishes to
terminate operations before its scheduled expiration, it shall report the
reasons to the Guangdong Provincial Committee for the Administration of
Special Economic Zones, go through termination procedures and settle
claims and debts. After termination of operations, its assets may be
assigned and its funds may be remitted out of China.

Chapter III Preferential Treatment
Article 12
Land in the special zones is owned by the People's Republic of China. The
land to be used by investors shall be provided according to actual needs,
and preferential treatment shall be given with respect to the duration of
its use, the amount of the use fee and the method of payment according to
the different types of business and uses. Provisions for specific
measures shall be made separately.
Article 13
The machinery and equipment, spare parts, raw and semi-processed
materials, means of transportation and other capital goods necessary for
production that are imported by enterprises in the special zones shall be
exempted from import duties. The necessary consumer goods may either be
subjected to import duties or allowed a reduction or exemption therefrom,
depending on the specific situation of each case. When the above-mentioned
goods are imported or products of the special zones are exported, a
customs declaration shall be filed.
Article 14
The enterprise income tax rate in the special zones is 15 percent. Special
preferential treatment shall be given to enterprises established within
two years of the promulgation of these Regulations, to enterprises with an
investment US$ 5 million or more, and to enterprises involving higher
technology or having a longer period of capital turnover.
Article 15
The lawful profit that an investor receives after payment of the
enterprise income tax, and the wages and salaries and other legitimate
earnings that foreign, overseas Chinese and Hongkong and Macao workers and
staff members of an enterprise in the special zones receive after payment
of the individual income tax, may be remitted abroad through the Bank of
China or other banks in the special zones, in accordance with the
provisions of the foreign exchange control measures of the special zones.
Article 16
An investor that reinvests its share of the profit in the special zones
for a period of five years or longer may apply for a reduction of or an
exemption from income tax on the reinvested portion.
Article 17
Enterprises in the special zones shall be encouraged to use machinery and
equipment, raw and semi-processed materials and other materials produced
in China, and preferential prices shall be offered on the basis of China's
current export prices for the same kinds of commodities, using foreign
exchange to settle accounts. These products and materials may be shipped
directly to the special zones with the sales vouchers of the selling
units.
Article 18
Entry and exit procedures shall be simplified and conveniences given to
the foreign personnel, overseas Chinese and compatriots from Hongkong and
Macao entering and leaving the special zones.

Chapter IV Labour Management
Article 19
A labour service company shall be set up in each of the special zones.
Chinese staff members and workers to be employed by enterprises in the
special zones, whether they are recommended by the local labour service
companies or recruited by the investors themselves with the consent of the
Guangdong Provincial Committee for the Administration of Special Economic
Zones, shall all be tested by the enterprises before employment and labour
contracts shall be signed with the staff members and workers.
Article 20
The staff members and workers employed by enterprises in the special zones
shall be managed by the enterprises according to their business
requirements and, when necessary, may be dismissed, after going through
the procedures provided in the labour contracts. Staff members and
workers of the enterprises in the special zones may submit their
resignations to the enterprises in accordance with the provisions of the
labour contracts.
Article 21
The wage levels, types of wages, award measures and the labour insurance
and various state subsidies for the Chinese staff members and workers of
the enterprises in the special zones shall be included in the contracts
signed by the enterprises with the staff members and workers as stipulated
by the Guangdong Provincial Committee for the Administration of Special
Economic Zones.
Article 22
Enterprises in the special zones shall adopt the necessary measures for
labour protection to ensure that staff members and workers work in safe
and hygienic conditions.

Chapter V Administrative Organization
Article 23
The Guangdong Provincial Committee for the Administration of Special
Economic Zones shall exercise the following functions and powers:
(1) to draw up development plans for the special zones and organize their
implementation;
(2) to examine and approve the investment projects of investors in the
special zones;
(3) to handle registration of industrial and commercial enterprises and
land allotment in the special zones;
(4) to coordinate working relations among the banking, insurance,
taxation, Customs, frontier inspection, postal and telecommunications and
other organizations in the special zones;
(5) to provide the staff members and workers needed by enterprises in the
special zones and protect the legitimate rights and interests of the staff
members and workers;
(6) to establish educational, cultural, health and various public welfare
institutions in the special zones; and
(7) to maintain law and order in the special zones and protect, in
accordance with the law, the persons and property in the special zones
against encroachment.
Article 24
The Shenzhen Special Zone shall be under the direct management and
administration of the Guangdong Provincial Committee for the
Administration of Special Economic Zones. Necessary offices shall be set
up in the Zhuhai and Shantou Special Zones.
Article 25
A Guangdong Provincial Special Economic Zones Development Company shall be
set up to suit the expanding economic activities in the special zones. Its
scope of business shall include: undertaking to raise funds and handle
trust investment business; operating, or jointing with investors in
operating, relevant enterprises in the special zones; acting as agent for
investors in the special zones in transactions relating to sales and
purchases in trade with the interior; and providing services for business
talks.

Chapter VI Supplementary Provisions
Article 26
These Regulations shall go into effect after they have been adopted by the
People's Congress of Guangdong Province and submitted to and approved by
the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress of the People's
Republic of China.



Important Notice:
This English document is coming from "LAWS AND REGULATIONS OF THE
PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA GOVERNING FOREIGN-RELATED MATTERS" (1991.7)
which is compiled by the Brueau of Legislative Affairs of the State
Council of the People's Republic of China, and is published by the China
Legal System Publishing House.
In case of discrepancy, the original version in Chinese shall prevail.

发明专利和实用新型专利在同请情况下的接力授权程序
专利法第9条重复授权再思考

张浠娟(福建力华律师事务所)

【问题】
在实务中,客户对其研发成果常会选择在同日既申请实用新型专利又申请发明专利(以下简称同请),但是,由于期限监视或出于其他考虑,客户延误缴纳新型专利的年费,此后收到发明专利授权通知书,并被告知因新型专利权已终止发明专利不能被授权。由此客户产生困惑:新型和发明专利权是两项独立存在的权利,为什么发明专利会因新型专利权终止而无法否授权?

《专利法》(2008修订)第九条规定,同样的发明创造只能授予一项专利权。但是,同一申请人同日对同样的发明创造既申请实用新型专利又申请发明专利,先获得的实用新型专利权尚未终止,且申请人声明放弃该实用新型专利权的,可以授予发明专利权。

对此项规定可以作两种理解:其一,按照“有效专利权唯一”标准,此项规定是指“先获得的实用新型专利权尚未终止”的,才需要该申请人进行选择。现在,既然在先获得的实用新型专利权已经终止,就不必选择了,直接授予发明专利权,因为没有两项有效的专利权同时存在。其二,按照专利唯一性标准,而且法律规定是“先获得的实用新型专利权尚未终止”,该申请人才有权选择声明放弃该实用新型专利权。现在,在先的实用新型专利权已经因期限届满而终止了,前面的专利权就成为不可改变的事实,因此,该申请就没有权利选择放弃在先的实用新型专利权,所以,该发明专利申请不能被授予专利权。[1]

但是,对于“终止”的理解无论哪种都只从申请人的角度来阐述,却忽略了另外一点,专利权虽然是私权,一旦放弃即进入公权领域。也就是说,申请人在选择放弃任一项专利权时,其本质是该专利权已由专利保护状态进入自由公知领域。

因此,对于《专利法》第九条中的“尚未终止”应理解为:在同请的情况下,在发明专利授权时,先获得的实用新型专利权尚未终止的,可通过声明放弃新型专利权,从而获得发明专利权。反之,在发明专利授权前,无论何种原因而导致新型专利权终止的,就意味着放弃新型专利权,那么该新型专利权中所描述的技术方案已不再受专利法律保护,可以为公众自由使用,当然也不能被授予发明专利权。这就是所谓的“接力式”授权程序,或者“无缝连接”授权程序。

【建议】
对同请的新型专利权的年费监视尤为重要,同请的新型专利的年费至少需缴纳3-5的年费。如果客户延误缴纳新型专利权的年费,需及时通过恢复程序缴纳年费,以期通过“接力式”授权程序最终获得发明专利权。

注释:
[1]曹新明 禁止重复授权原则解读 法治研究 2009年第8期

【2012-8-29】

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